Library: Staffordshire University Copyright Guidance: Glossary

Glossary

Accessible copy

A copy/version of a work which provides easier access for people with disabilities, for example Braille, large-print or audio version of a book produced for a visually impaired person.

Attribution

A statement of the author and source of a work.

The Copyright Licensing Agency (CLA)

A licensing body as defined by the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 which licenses organisations to copy and re-use extracts from print and digital publications on behalf of the rights holders. Our CLA license covers the photocopying and scanning of most UK publications and some US and international publishers. It allows: multiple photocopies of limited extracts from copyright protected printed books, journals and magazines, digital Copies of limited extracts from copyright protected printed books, journals and magazines Details of excluded UK and US publishers, and included overseas countries, can be found at Copyright Licensing Agency website.

Copyright

An intellectual property right which gives protection to the owner of the rights to an original work. This means that individuals who want to reproduce the original work of others may need to seek permission to do so.

Copyright Design and Patent Act (CDPA)

An Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which governs UK copyright law.

Creative Commons

A non-profit organisation that provides licensing information aimed at achieving a mutual sharing and flexible approach to copyright. Their easy-to-use copyright licenses provide a simple, standardised way to give the public permission to share and use creative work. CC licenses let you easily change your copyright terms from the default of “all rights reserved” to “some rights reserved.”

Derivatives works

An expressive creation that includes major, copyright-protected elements of an original, previously created first work (the underlying work). The derivative work becomes a second, separate work independent in form from the first. The transformation, modification or adaptation of the work must be substantial and bear its author's personality to be original and thus protected by copyright

Digitisation

Conversion of analogue information in any form (text, photographs, voice, etc.) to digital form. The Library offers a service to digitise resources included in reading lists and other teaching materials. For example, book chapters and journal articles can be scanned and the digitised copy then linked to course units in Blackboard.

Economic Rights

Economic rights give the rights holder the opportunity to make commercial gain from the exploitation made of their works. It also allows an author to take action to claim compensation for and prevent infringing acts.

Educational Recording Agency

An organisation that provides licence schemes to member HE institutions to cover the use of recorded broadcast media in teaching and learning. The ERA Licence grants the right to record broadcasts for non-commercial educational purposes by making ERA Recordings. Staffordshire University currently has an ERA Licence. This also allows licensed ERA Recordings to be accessed by students and teachers online from outside the premises of their establishment. .

Fair Dealing

In certain circumstances, some works may be used if that use is considered to be 'fair dealing'. There is no strict definition of what this means but it has been interpreted by the courts on a number of occasions by looking at the economic impact of the use on the rights holder. Where the economic impact is not significant, the use may count as fair dealing.

Infringement

The act of copying, distributing or adapting a work without permission

Licence

An agreement that allows use of a work subject to conditions imposed by the rights holder.

Moral Rights

Moral rights are concerned with the protection of the reputation of the author. In particular the right to be attributed for the creation of a work, and the right to object to defamatory treatment

Open Access

The free, immediate, online availability of research articles, coupled with the right to use these articles fully in the digital environment..

Orphan Work

A work in which copyright exists, but where the rights holder is either unknown or cannot be located

Public Domain

Works in the public domain are those whose intellectual property rights have expired, have been forfeited, or are otherwise inapplicable.

Rights Holder

A person or organisation that owns the copyright of a work. This may be the original author, their relatives if deceased or, if they have assigned their copyright, it may be a publisher or other commercial entity purely associated with exploitation of the work

Typographical Arrangement

Typographical Arrangement The composition of printed material from movable type. Copyright in the typographical arrangement of a published edition expires 25 years from the end of the year in which the edition was first published.